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Notes from Executive Director Scott Garrison

Nov 1, 2024 | News

In his July 2024 book Mastering AI, Fortune AI Editor Jeremy Kahn makes the case that whether artificial intelligence (AI) offers more promise or problems depends greatly on how we create, implement, use, regulate, and control it. Kahn details AI’s history and those behind it, its current state (already out of date given how rapidly AI is advancing), ways it will increasingly influence and impact humans by way of a broad swath of industries, and potential nearer and farther future scenarios, all in a well-researched, very accessible, and thought-provoking manner. To keep up with Kahn’s current writing on AI, subscribe to Fortune’s free Eye on AI newsletter. To learn more about how current generative AI works, which publishers allow their content to be used to train it, and much more, consider asking your favorite AI system (mine are Claude and Microsoft Copilot because of how they are trained). 

I recommend Mastering AI highly as a comprehensive look at AI with useful information for all types of libraries. Continuing from my observations from February, May, and June 2024, here are some of my takeaways from Mastering AI. Kahn does a great job balancing potential benefits and sobering risks, as well as ethics around AI from perspectives far too numerous to list here. 

1. Though ChatGPT has attracted enormous attention and use since its release just two years ago in November 2022, AI’s roots go back to Alan Turing’s late-1940s work on how computers could mimic human intelligence. Kahn brings us from Turing to more recent development of machine learning and neural networks, including the pioneering work of 2024 Nobel Prize winners Geoffrey Hinton (the “godfather of AI” at the University of Toronto) and Demis Hassabis (Google DeepMind), and how Google, Microsoft, and others have invested billions in AI development through acquisitions and business deals with OpenAI and others.

2. AI can be an “ultimate intellectual technology” that extends and supports our mental powers and changes how and what we think like the map, clock, book, computer, camera, and other previous technologies did. It can analyze massive amounts of data, find patterns, and predict, simulate, count, and categorize things much faster than we can (e.g., analyzing weather patterns, predicting protein structures, and analyzing entire genomes). We can team with it to review, edit, and apply human morals, values, lived experience, and judgment that AI doesn’t have, to use what it tells us with and for other humans through science, medicine, and other fields. An important question is exactly whose judgment, etc. we are applying to use AI-generated information.

3. AI’s results are only as good as the data we use to train it, as influenced by historical biases and stereotypes. Again, which morals and values impact how data are created, and how and for what we should use AI? AI doesn’t know what it is and isn’t supposed to be used to do. Some systems like Claude use constitutional AI principles, which are still less reliable than a person with written rules. Some companies are using reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) to guide AI to give appropriate and helpful answers, and some outsource or offshore that work as with call centers. As we know as librarians, labeling data is extremely important for how automated systems function, and that work often requires human judgment and is being offshored also. What are the implications, especially lacking regulation and law around AI and labor in many countries including the U.S.? In some fields such as medicine, data about Black people and women are underrepresented. How can we increase representation in data to increase AI’s accuracy and prevent it from reinforcing past biases around racism, sexism, and other prejudices?

4. Humans and AI will need to work together for the foreseeable future in a “centaur” approach where we and AI each bring strengths to a task. How can we avoid automation bias, over-trusting or over-relying on AI in ways that allow us to not have to remember as much, build or retain expertise, or make decisions? What might that mean for our own critical thinking skills? What happens when AI companies competing fiercely to reach artificial general intelligence (AGI) and artificial superintelligence (ASI) actually achieve it? Which tasks will humans stop or start doing, and what will be the impacts on labor in healthcare, manufacturing, education, law, lab science, and even the arts? How can AI grow productivity, and for which workers? Will as many as 1/3 of jobs globally be automated by the mid-2030s, and what new jobs might arise and where, following from previous historical periods like the Industrial Revolution? How will humans continue correcting the inevitable mistakes that AI makes?

5. Kahn sees AI moving from current assistants to a personal agent or “copilot” that can help with tasks as the next big thing. This could be a personal tutor (such as OpenAI and Khan Academy’s Khanmigo) that gets to know a student over their K-12 years and guides the student in applying to college or toward a career path, or helps draft content the student can proof and fact-check. AI can help a teacher change how they engage with students to assess learning, and could be a learning analytics assistant to aggregate data about how well students understand and complete assignments and support timely interventions. Though AI can’t deliver experiences like higher education can, will some students consider AI a substitute for higher education? Not all schools and students can afford the technology these scenarios require – what policies do we need to create equitable access? How might AI actually be a tool for greater equity for students with different levels of resources and language skills? As companies use copilots increasingly, how can they guard against human biases influencing AI further (which may drive further inequity)?

6. Unlike the government-created Internet that makes AI use possible, AI is being developed by the for-profit private sector absent robust government regulation. Because it is built to mimic human intelligence, it is inherently deceptive and has learned deception through the training data we give it. While Kahn asserts that people should always be informed when they’re interacting with AI software, OpenAI’s opaque model for ChatGPT shields it from scrutiny by regulators and the public. It also helps hide the use of copyrighted content without consent, and many are concerned about the amount of copyrighted content in many large language model (LLM) training data. Current law is unclear about what is fair use or “fair learning” with respect to AI and copyrighted content, and whether AI-generated content is copyrightable. How should rights and fees work in the age of AI? We need companies to reveal how AI has been trained and allow independent audit and testing, and for AI systems to inform users completely. This will require government action. Following from current AI-powered cyberfraud techniques including deepfakes, Zoom face-swapping, voice cloning, and composing phishing emails that include malware, unregulated AI could become capable of more sophisticated financial and other fraud. Kahn suggests that cybersecurity experts could use AI to find and fix vulnerabilities before bad actors can find and exploit them.

7. Geopolitics around AI are complicated to say the least. Some believe that whoever controls AI will be able to control the world. Current leading AI chipmaker Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company’s (TSMC) main base in Taiwan is under ongoing threat of invasion from China, and their Arizona plant is now producing comparable output. The U.S. CHIPS and Science Act is expected to foster more domestic chipmaking. Hyperscalers such as Meta are working to develop their own AI chips.

8. As I’ve alluded to, AI comes with many paradoxes. It may free us up from many current tasks, and it may hinder some of the very things that make us human. It may make some jobs obsolete, and create new ones we haven’t conceived of yet. It may unlock the ability to synthesize proteins and develop new drugs faster than ever before, and it may also unlock the ability to create (as well as neutralize) bioweapons. From training to operation and use, AI is extremely resource, energy- and water-consumptive given the high-performance computer chips it needs and the cooling AI server data centers need. It also may lead us to new solutions to climate change.  

To Kahn, the dangers that AI poses to our intelligence, ability to write, think, empathize and make sound judgments are perhaps its most dire circumstances, and yet, he considers AI’s potential benefits to society worth the risks. He suggests we prepare by developing political will and policy solutions to guide how AI is created, used, and managed. We know that AI advances every day and will be increasingly prevalent in society with time. I hope Kahn is correct in saying that businesses that maintain a feedback loop between people, data, and AI will be the most successful in the future. 

If you’re interested in AI, I hope you’ll read this excellent book. I’ll close with just a few more questions for you. How are you using AI today at work and/or life in general? As MCLS considers how we use AI as an organization, what matters most to you as a member library? What are your favorite resources on AI and libraries, and why? If you’ve read Mastering AI, what are your key takeaways? What future AI topics might I cover in this space? Let me know, at garrisons@mcls.org.  

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MCLS welcomed two new Administrative Assistants in September 

On Sept. 28, 2026, MCLS welcomed Renea Di Bella and Manaal Kahn as our new Administrative Assistants. You may engage with them through RIDES and MelCathelp tickets, when you call our main phone line, and when they host our virtual workshops and webinars. Among other duties, they also help process membership forms and contact management data. When you have the pleasure of interacting with them, please extend a warm welcome to MCLS! In the meantime, the interviews below provide deeper insight into Renea’s and Manaal’s backgrounds and aspirations.

Meet Renea Di Bella

Tell us a little about your background. How did you get started in libraries?

I am a former middle school social studies teacher with a master’s degree in curriculum and instruction. Through writing curricula, I realized a passion for literacy, research, and archival preservation. To pursue this passion further, I applied (and was admitted) to the MLIS program at Wayne State University, to begin Fall 2027. In the interim, I started working in libraries to prepare myself for my studies and future career. I worked previously at the Detroit Public Library and am excited to bring my passion and interests to MCLS.  

What motivated you to take on this new role?

This role merges several of my interests and talents. Teaching provided me with many of the skills I will need to fulfill my role, while the services MCLS provides its members align with my passion for literacy and public access to information. This is also an opportunity for me to get to know the needs of libraries better as I transition into a career in Libraries and Information Science.  

What do you like to do when you aren’t working?

I like to read and travel. I like to do several different types of art and crafts. I also spend an inordinate amount of time just watching my cats exist. 

Do you have any hidden talents or hobbies?

I am a visual artist; I make multimedia collages and sculptures. 

What is the best advice you have ever received?

From my aunt: “Don’t dread getting older because it’s a privilege not everyone gets.” 


Meet Manaal Khan

Tell us a little about your background. How did you get started in libraries? 

I worked in the Processing department at the Dearborn Public Library, where I supported MeLCat requests by printing pull lists from the ILS, retrieving materials from shelves, printing RIDES labels, and preparing items for RIDES delivery. I also processed materials for circulation, and my favorite part was processing holiday materials! My background also includes instructional design, literacy tutoring, and technical writing, where I focus on how to break complicated information into clear steps and help people apply what they learn. 

What motivated you to take on this new role? 

I am motivated to bring together my library experience, communication skills, and interest in helping others apply what they learn. Working with MeLCat and RIDES showed me how libraires work together to connect people with resources, and I am happy to support that work at MCLS. 

What are you most excited to start working on? 

I am excited to combine my previous experience with RIDES and MeLCat. I value literacy and libraries make literacy accessible to all. MelCat is an amazing part of the library network, giving people access to more resources than just their local libraries. I’m excited to support member libraries and make information accessible. As I grow, I’d love to use my instructional design and writing skills to help make instructions, resources and training easier to follow and apply. 

What do you like to do when you aren’t working?  

I enjoy learning languages and different subjects, and geographic information systems (GIS) is my next area to explore. I like to spend time with my nephew, play Zelda, sketch places in my neighborhood, read, cook, and watch anime and fantasy shows/movies, like the current Percy Jackson series. I also enjoy going on walks and taking photos of trees. 

Do you have a favorite author, book, or genre?

My current favorite books are Days at the Morisaki Bookshop by Satoshi Yagisawa and The Invisible Library series by Genevieve Cogman. 

Nov 2, 2026

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Congratulations to our newest Certificate of Library Staff Development recipients (November 2026)

The following library staff members have earned Certificates of Library Staff Development by attending workshops through MCLS!  

Basic Essential Workplace Skills Certificate  

  • Tresa D. Fore, Wayne County Community College District, MI 
  • Terri Hebert, Bridgman Public Library, MI 
  • Bailey Jo Good, Wabash Carnegie Public Library, IN 
  • Eliza Forrest, Traverse Area District Library, MI 
  • Alisia Neubeck, Grand Valley State University, MI 
  • Christina Meyers, Traverse Area District Library, MI 
  • Lynnae M Christensen, Traverse Area District Library, MI 

Are you interested in obtaining your Certificate of Library Staff Development? For details, see our website. Essential Workplace Skills tutorials are free to MCLS members as a member benefit! For questions, please email Gwen at training@mcls.org or call 517-220-9950.  

Nov 2, 2026

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Insights from Executive Director Scott Garrison – November 2026

Libraries are built from stories, and they embody the power of stories. Stories are at the heart of the relationships libraries and everyone they serve need to succeed. At the MCLS annual member event on Oct. 9, approximately 70 total attendees focused on how libraries can tell stories effectively from the perspectives of data storytelling and crisis communication.

The path to MCLS’s first in-person event in ten years is made up of many stories from the astonishing number of changes and challenges libraries have seen since 2016. We at MCLS have collected a lot of data in the last few years that are helping us tell new stories, from our strategic plan development and implementation through recent surveys and other work our Board and staff have done.

Following some stories from MCLS Board members Mike Hawthorne and Josh Petrusa that set context for our event, Professor Kate McDowell from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign’s School of Information Sciences delivered an inspiring keynote based on her ten years of work on data storytelling including the Data Storytelling Toolkit for Libraries (DSTL) and her 2025 book Critical Data Storytelling for Libraries: Crafting Ethical Narratives for Advocacy and Impact. Kate’s book weaves together many helpful strands that can help us build a positive future, and I recommend it very highly to anyone seeking to improve how they combine data with narrative to tell their library’s stories.

In her keynote, Kate highlighted the Storytelling Triangle between a story, its teller, and its audience, noting that we should be mindful whose role it is to tell a particular story. Each relationship in the Triangle is a dynamic one that can be influenced by whether a story is new or being repeated by the same or a different teller, and an audience’s attitudes toward the story. Kate established that critical data storytelling “requires understanding power dynamics from a storytelling perspective,” an idea dating back to the late-19th century women who introduced using empirical data in librarianship in a systematic way, and who were not allowed to present at conferences at the time.

Kate pointed out the differences between data, story, and information with the straightforward idea that “data in story context becomes information.” In her keynote (and in much greater detail in the book), she offered thought-provoking ideas about who owns data (and goals for using data) versus stories (and motivations for telling them), with examples relevant to academic and public libraries. Kate laid out the Data Storytelling Life Cycle as a framework to dealing with struggles libraries have had including translating data into stories and capturing those stories for outside audiences.

Data Storytelling Life Cycle (McDowell, 2026)

The Life Cycle captures the ideas that many libraries collect and store data without really engaging and creating meaning, and that we need to make our data our own through all four steps in the cycle.

Kate then offered suggestions for to how to build stories that last and should be retold over time, such as how libraries have ended late fees to promote equitable access. She explained the cycle of story across time, from telling, to listening, to retelling, as well as a story’s chronological structure from an inciting moment though rising action, to a climax or turning point and falling action to a resolution or denouement. She cited the example of a campaign to expand a taxing district for a library whose district was smaller than its counterpart school district. Though the campaign failed, the data the library used to tell their story along the “upward arc” of rising action in their campaign increased awareness that kids outside the taxing district could come to and use the library even without a library card.

Before closing, Kate laid out three Structure Narratives from the DSTL and pointed out where data collection occurs in each:

  • Transformation – a “hero’s journey” toward overcoming obstacles and creating change
  • Continuity – restoring stability following disruption (with recovery, adaptation, and learning)
  • Discovery – understanding complexity via a process of asking questions, gathering information, and building and sharing the knowledge that results from the process

Next, communication expert Thom Fladung led a workshop titled Putting Crisis Communications In Play, to help libraries be prepared in case of “explosive, unplanned visibility” that can damage our most important asset: our reputation. Thom’s experience as an investigative reporter earlier in his career has positioned him very well in his current role as Vice President and Chief Counselor at Hennes Communications (a division of AKCG Public Relations Counselors).

I hope you find the following summary of what Thom shared on Oct. 9 useful. Rather than summarizing all of the valuable information he offered, please see below for images from a pocket-sized card with tips and more that Thom distributed and very kindly granted us permission to include in this piece.

Thom began with the idea that while communication can be the last thing we think about during a crisis, it can save our reputation as word spreads and the community awaits our response. He emphased how important it is to act promptly and communicate clearly and honestly in a crisis using the rules of the Damage Control Playbook:

  1. Tell the truth (“no comment” can translate to “guilty”)
  2. Tell it first
  3. Tell it all (i.e., all that you know to be true)
  4. Tell it fast
  5. Tell it to the people who matter most

Thom shared stories from his journalism experience to illustrate how the media works faster and more iteratively than ever before in the age of social media and search engine optimization. Media often run with what they have even if it does not represent a balanced view of a story.

He then turned to a set of five steps to manage outrage that often occurs in a crisis:

  • Validate concerns: there is almost always a valid concern to acknowledge
  • Acknowledge past mistakes: don’t pivot away from the past more quickly than your stakeholders can – it’s their decision when to move on, not yours. Be prepared to repeat how you’re working to fix past mistakes, if needed.
  • Acknowlege current problems: iflibrary leadership does not demonstrate that they know there’s a problem, stakeholders may become upset
  • Give credit: wherever possible, thank anyone who is helping resolve a crisis
  • Share control: the higher the outrage, the less trust there will be in you to solve a problem – let others validate whether you’ve solved it

Thom laid out a “3-V framework” for bad news stories: the villain who caused the problem, the victim, and the vindicator who brings it to light for accountability. He also offered detailed strategies and tips for communicating via social media, pointing out the importance of having conduct rules for all communication including social media and how to handle comments effectively. Thom cited Traverse Area District Library’s Social Media Policy as a great example. In a crisis, he recommended putting the truth on the library’s website and making a simple social media post pointing to the website because a library has greater control over its website. To help defuse a social media storm, ask vocal commenters for a conversation away from the platform.

Libraries should ask the following questions when they identify an online reputation threat:

  1. Where did the threat originate?
  2. Are more people continuing to talk about this situation?
  3. Has the mainstream media begun covering this situation?
  4. What is your understanding of what led to negative information?

Following tips on determining the influence of a threat and best practices for responding, Thom turned to some media relations guidelines and interview control tools if we find ourselves contacted by the media. He staged some mock media interviews with brave event participants, seeking observations from the larger group.

Thom closed with key principles for developing a crisis communications plan:

  1. Ask “who says what to whom, how and when?” Who is on your library’s crisis communication team, and what protocol/procedures will you follow to activate that team?
  2. Conduct a vulnerability audit with the library leadership team, brainstorming and ranking potential crises by how likely they are
  3. Build messages from the audit, including media statements, website content, and social media posts
  4. Make sure you identify your key stakeholders and audiences, know your social media instructions, passwords, and guidelines, and keep contact information up to date

As promised, here is the card Thom offered workshop participants:

© Hennes Communications LLC; used by permission

I’ll close here by thanking our annual member event planning committee, the staff and Board members who played a part in making the event happen, our hosts at St. Joe County Public Library, our fine speakers, and all member library staff who attended (especially those who completed our evaluation survey). Holding our first in-person event in many years was a lot of hard work, and truly a labor of love for our members.

If you were with us on Oct. 9, I hope you’ll agree that our event was a great example of how MCLS brings libraries together to engage with valuable strategies and approaches, and of how together, we empower a strong library community. I also hope to see you at our next annual member event on April 30, 2027, back at St. Joe County Public Library in South Bend, IN. Until then, I encourage you to share questions, ideas and thoughts with me at garrisons@mcls.org.

Nov 2, 2026

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